Many people experience swollen legs or ankles at some point in their lives. Sometimes, the cause is as simple as sitting or standing too long. But in other cases, swelling may signal a more serious medical condition.
The vascular surgery experts at WashU Medicine explain what’s considered normal leg swelling—and when you should seek care.
Common causes of normal leg swelling
Not all swelling is cause for alarm. Mild, temporary swelling can occur with:
- Long periods of sitting or standing, such as during travel or desk work
- Warm weather, heat, or dehydration
- Hormonal changes, including pregnancy
- Minor injuries or overuse, like sprains or muscle strains
In these cases, swelling often improves with rest, leg elevation, or wearing compression stockings.
When swelling may be a concern
Persistent or severe swelling may indicate an underlying vascular or medical condition. Warning signs include:
- Sudden swelling in one leg, which may suggest a blood clot (deep vein thrombosis, sometimes called DVT)
- Swelling with pain, redness, or warmth, which could indicate infection or clot
- Chronic swelling in both legs may be related to vein disease, heart failure, kidney or liver issues
- Skin changes such as thickening, discoloration, or non-healing sores
If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s important to seek medical care right away.
How vascular specialists can help
Vascular surgeons can evaluate the cause of swelling and recommend the right treatment, which may include:
- Ultrasound imaging to check for blood clots or venous disease
- Compression therapy to reduce pooling of blood in the legs
- Lifestyle guidance such as exercise, diet, and risk factor management
- Procedures to improve vein function or address blockages if necessary
Take care of your legs
While occasional swelling is common, ongoing or sudden changes should not be ignored. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications and improve quality of life.
To learn more or schedule an appointment with a vascular surgeon at WashU Medicine, please call 314-273-7373.