Minimally Invasive Hernia Repair

Minimally invasive hernia repair is a modern surgical technique used to treat hernias with less trauma to the body compared to traditional open surgery.

Minimally invasive methods offer several benefits, including reduced pain, shorter recovery time, and smaller scars.

A hernia will not go away on its own. Some hernias can be managed without surgery, but surgery is the only way to repair a hernia.

If you have a hernia that requires repair, your surgeon will help determine the best treatment method. Minimally invasive surgery has many advantages, but there are times when open surgery may be a better option for some people.

This page offers a guide to help you learn more about minimally invasive hernia repair, including what it is, types, advantages, preparation, the procedure itself, recovery, and potential risks.

What is minimally invasive hernia repair?

Minimally invasive hernia repair involves using small incisions, specialized instruments, and a camera to repair hernias. The two main types of minimally invasive hernia repair are laparoscopic surgery and robotic-assisted surgery. These techniques allow for precise hernia repairs with minimal disruption to surrounding tissues.

Learn more: What is a hernia?

Types of minimally invasive hernia repair

Laparoscopic hernia repair

• Description: A surgical technique that uses several small incisions (usually three) in the abdomen. A laparoscope (a thin tube with a camera) and surgical instruments are inserted through these incisions to view and repair the hernia.
• Procedure: The abdominal cavity is inflated with carbon dioxide gas to create space for the surgeon to operate. The hernia is repaired, often using mesh to reinforce the weakened area.

Robotic-assisted hernia repair

• Description: Similar to laparoscopic hernia repair, but the surgeon controls robotic instruments with enhanced precision and dexterity.
• Procedure: The surgeon operates the robotic system from a console in the operating room, using the robotic arms to perform the hernia repair with small incisions and a camera.

Advantages of minimally invasive hernia repair

Reduced pain

• Less trauma: Smaller incisions may result in less tissue damage, leading to reduced postoperative pain.

Shorter recovery time

• Faster return to activities: Patients typically experience a quicker return to normal activities and work compared to open surgery.

Smaller scars

• Cosmetic benefits: Minimally invasive techniques often result in smaller, less noticeable scars.

Lower risk of complications

• Fewer complications: Reduced risk of wound infections and other complications associated with larger incisions.

Preparation for minimally invasive hernia repair

Medical evaluation

Your doctor will perform a thorough medical evaluation, including a physical examination and relevant tests, to determine if you are a candidate for minimally invasive hernia repair.

Preoperative instructions

Medications: Follow your doctor’s advice regarding medications, including any that need to be stopped before surgery.

Fasting: You may be instructed to avoid eating or drinking for a certain period before surgery.

Arrangements: Arrange for someone to drive you home after the procedure, as you will not be able to drive yourself.

Learn more: Getting ready for surgery>>

The procedure

Before surgery

• Anesthesia: You will be given general anesthesia to ensure you are asleep and pain-free during the procedure.
• Preparation: The abdominal area will be cleaned and prepped for surgery.

During surgery

• Incisions: Small incisions (usually three) are made in the abdomen.
• Visualization: A laparoscope or robotic camera is inserted through one of the incisions to provide a clear view of the hernia.
• Repair: Surgical instruments are used to repair the hernia, typically with mesh reinforcement to strengthen the weakened area.
• Closure: The incisions are closed with sutures or surgical glue.

After surgery

• Recovery room: You will be monitored in the recovery room until the effects of anesthesia wear off.
• Discharge: Most patients can go home the same day, although some may require an overnight stay for observation. Your health care team will talk with you and your loved ones about what to expect.

Recovery after minimally invasive hernia repair

Immediate recovery

• Pain management: You will be given instructions for managing pain and discomfort, usually with over-the-counter pain relievers.
• Activity restrictions: Avoid strenuous activities and heavy lifting for a few weeks, as advised by your doctor.

Follow-up care

• Appointments: Attend follow-up appointments to ensure proper healing and address any concerns.
• Gradual activity increase: Gradually resume normal activities as recommended by your doctor.

Long-term recovery

• Full recovery: Most patients can return to their regular activities within a few weeks, with complete healing taking a few months.
• Lifestyle modifications: Maintain a healthy lifestyle to prevent future hernias, including weight management and proper lifting techniques.

Potential risks and complications

Common risks

• Bleeding: Minimal bleeding at the incision sites.
• Infection: A low risk of infection at the incision sites.

Rare complications

• Recurrence: A small risk of the hernia returning.
• Nerve injury: Potential for nerve damage, causing numbness or pain.
• Adverse reactions to anesthesia: Rare complications related to anesthesia.

Minimally invasive hernia repair offers a safe and effective option for treating various types of hernias.

If you suspect you have a hernia or have been diagnosed with the condition, consult with a health care professional to determine the best treatment approach for your specific situation.

With appropriate surgical intervention and lifestyle adjustments, hernias can be effectively repaired, enhancing your quality of life.