Colorectal cancer is one of the most common—and preventable—forms of cancer in both men and women. Early detection is key to successful treatment, and recognizing the warning signs can make all the difference.
At WashU Medicine, our team is committed to helping people in and around St. Louis understand the symptoms and seek care early.
What Is colorectal cancer?
Colorectal cancer refers to cancer that begins in the colon or rectum, which are parts of the large intestine.
Most colorectal cancers start as small growths called polyps, which can become cancerous over time. Regular screening, such as colonoscopy, can detect and remove these polyps before they turn into cancer.
Learn more about what happens during a colonoscopy>>
Early warning signs to watch for
While many people with colorectal cancer experience no symptoms in the early stages, there are several signs that may indicate something is wrong:
- Blood in the stool: This may appear as bright red blood, dark clots, or black, tarry stools.
- Changes in bowel habits: Persistent constipation, diarrhea, or a change in stool shape (such as pencil-thin stools) can be a red flag.
- Unexplained weight loss: Losing weight without trying may signal an underlying issue.
- Persistent abdominal pain or cramping: Ongoing discomfort that doesn’t resolve should be evaluated.
- Fatigue or weakness: This can result from anemia caused by internal bleeding.
- A feeling that the bowel doesn’t empty completely: This sensation may be subtle but persistent.
If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s important to consult a specialist. Even if symptoms seem minor, they could be early indicators of colorectal cancer.
When should you see a specialist?
You should seek medical attention if:
- Symptoms persist for more than a few days or worsen over time.
- You have a personal or family history of colorectal cancer or polyps.
- You are over the age of 45 and haven’t had a screening colonoscopy.
- You have inflammatory bowel disease or a genetic condition like Lynch syndrome.
At WashU Medicine, our colorectal surgeons work closely with the Siteman Cancer Center to provide comprehensive care, from diagnosis to treatment. We treat over 350 new colorectal cancer patients each year, using advanced techniques and personalized care plans.
Don’t wait—Get screened
Because colorectal cancer often develops silently, screening is essential. A colonoscopy not only detects cancer early but can also prevent it by removing precancerous polyps. The American Cancer Society recommends screening begin at age 45 for most people, or earlier for those at higher risk.
American Cancer Society screening guidelines>>
Screening for cancer can be intimidating. Many people might feel like they would rather not know. But getting screened for colorectal cancer is the best way to catch or prevent the disease. A colonoscopy can remove pre-cancerous polyps, meaning it can prevent colorectal cancer for some people.
Colorectal cancer care in St. Louis
If you’re experiencing symptoms or are due for a colorectal cancer screening, timing matters.
Talk to your doctor or contact a WashU Medicine physician to schedule an appointment or learn more about your risk: 314-454-7177